Why you should gesso your canvas before painting
Gesso is one of the simplest—and most important—steps in preparing a canvas for painting. Whether you work in acrylics or oils, applying gesso creates a foundation that improves the longevity, vibrancy, and overall quality of your artwork.
What Is Gesso?
Gesso (pronounced “jess-o”) is a white acrylic-based primer made from a combination of chalk, pigment, and binder. It prepares and protects the canvas surface by:
- Creating a slightly textured “tooth” for paint adhesion
- Sealing the surface to prevent paint from soaking through
- Preventing degradation of the fabric or surface over time
Gesso is the foundation of a lasting, vibrant, professional painting.
Skipping it may save a few minutes—but applying it elevates the quality and lifespan of your work dramatically.
1. Creates a Stable, Durable Surface
Raw canvas fibers absorb paint unevenly and can deteriorate over time. Gesso seals the fibers, preventing paint from soaking in too deeply and protecting the surface from cracking or rotting.
2. Allows Paint to Glide and Adhere Properly
A well-gessoed canvas has just the right amount of “tooth.”
This slight texture helps paint stick better while still allowing smooth application, blending, and layering.
3. Enhances Color Vibrancy
Because gesso forms a bright, reflective ground, it makes your colors appear richer and more luminous. On untreated canvas, pigments can look dull or uneven.
4. Saves You Paint
On unprimed canvas, much of the paint disappears into the fabric. Gesso prevents excessive absorption, helping your colors sit on the surface where they belong—meaning you use less paint overall.
5. Prevents Oil Paint Damage
If you paint with oils, gesso is essential.
Oil paint can break down raw canvas fibers over time. A gesso layer acts as a protective barrier, ensuring the canvas stays intact for decades.
6. Improves Longevity and Archival Quality
Museum-quality works begin with proper priming. Gesso helps prevent cracking, warping, discoloration, and other aging issues, ensuring your artwork lasts.
7. Lets You Control Your Ground
Gesso can be adjusted to suit your style:
- Thin layer → smoother, more delicate surface
- Multiple layers → more tooth for texture
- Tinted gesso → toned ground for mood and contrast
You can sand it for an ultra-smooth finish or leave brushstrokes visible for extra character.
